Average population density is 102 inhabitants/km² total area or 263 inhabitants/km² settlement area. As large parts of Austria are located in the transition zone and the Alpine mountainous terrain is strongly diversified, this creates highly variable climatic conditions on a small scale, thus also increasing local uncertainties regarding the modelling of precipitation changes.Īustria’s total permanent population has reached 8.74 million inhabitants in 2016 after stagnation in the early 1980ies this represents an increase of more than one million since 1990. The Alpine main ridge influences overall Austrian climate conditions by dividing especially precipitation regimes between Atlantic and Mediterranean weather influences, causing a gradient of decreasing annual precipitation amounts from northwest to southeast (windward- and leeward-side of the Alps). Due to the mountainous orography, only 37% of the national territory are permanently inhabitable. Forests make up almost half of the Austrian total territory the agricultural area including alpine pastures has a share of more than one third. An increase of more than 1☌ in average temperature has been observed during the last century. A large part of Austria is covered by the eastern Alps about 40 % of the total area lies more than 1000 m above sea level. Austria acceded to the European Union in 1995 and ceded some areas of national jurisdiction to the community.Īustria is a land-locked country in central Europe with an area of 83,858 km2. Government responsibilities are shared between federation, federal provinces and local authorities. The Austrian political system is a Federation with 9 federal provinces (Länder), each of which has its own government and parliament. Austria was thus one of the first EU Member States to link a strategic framework for adaptation to climate change (NAS) with a comprehensive action plan (NAP) for implementing concrete recommendations for action. The Austrian Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change was adopted by the Council of Ministers in October 2012 and was endorsed by the Provincial Governors’ Conference in May 2013. Since then, Austria has increasingly devoted itself to the question of how best to tackle climate change in its own country. The increase of annual mean temperature in Austria since pre-industrial times has been more than twice the amount of global warming (APCC14).Īdaptation to climate change has been on the national policy making agenda since as early as 2007, when the process for developing the first national adaptation strategy (NAS) started. Its existence is demonstrated by measurements and observations, and it is proceeding faster than the global average. In Austria, climate change is making itself more and more clearly noticeable.
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